Organ Trafficking is the trade of organs, tissues and other body parts of humans for the purpose of transplant, involving profit. Organ trade involves vital organs like kidney and liver which gets trafficked for monetary benefits. The only nation in the entire world which has legalized trade of organs is Iran; however, the trade is to take place between two persons of same nationality. That is, no Iranian can donate or take organ from a refugee or vice versa.
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After going through the organ trafficking essay you will know about organ trafficking in India; demand and supply of organs; effects of organ trafficking etc.
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The term ‘Organ Trafficking’ includes the whole range of illegal activities from trafficking of a person with the intention of organ removal, preservation, storage, transportation, import and export to commercialization of human organs for the objective of transplantation. It refers to the trade of human organs, tissues, cells and other body parts that have been removed from the person deceased or living.
A lot of people are involved in organ trafficking activities from the recruiter who seeks the organ donors, middleman, transporter, and seller of organs, contractors, medical staff and the doctors who perform surgeries for organ transplant etc. The victims of organ trafficking, either giveaway the organs due to poor economic conditions or are forced and cheated for the organ transplant. The major reasons giving rise to such crimes are high demand and low supply of organs as well as the growing poverty.
The problem here sometimes is that the traffickers don’t view it as a crime but it’s mainly assumed that the poor is benefited by getting financial help and the person unwell gets treated which helps both the parties equally. But the long term effects on the donor and recipient are highly ignored.
Conclusion
Organ trafficking is the issue that needs serious attention. Laws need to be implemented to prevent the crime and the data of every organ transplant needs to be strictly maintained by medical organizations.
Introduction
Organ trafficking is the illegal trade of human organs or other parts of the body for the objective of transplantation. Organs are removed from the human body for illegal transplantation. The human organs and tissues are merely traded off as animal meat. Media is creating awareness and exposing several organ trafficking and human trafficking crimes over the past decades.
Demand and Supply
There is more demand for healthy organs globally than the supply which leads to crimes like organ trafficking for commercial purpose. The supply from the deceased donors and living donors combined does not meet the total demand of the organs. The organs like liver and kidneys are most commonly traded. The victims of organ trafficking are mostly the poor, illiterate, and most vulnerable groups of the society though no one is safe. In some cases the victims are forced or mislead by the traffickers for giving up an organ in other cases there is a deal where the victim agrees to give away the organ for certain amount.
The other most vulnerable victims are those who are deceived for treating the ailment that does not even exist and the organ is removed. The advanced science and medical practice has also given rise to organ trafficking. Poverty and illiteracy are the major reasons influencing the crime though the victims are highly underpaid or not paid at all. The organ trafficking victims can be of any age group. Child trafficking and human trafficking victims also become the victims of organ trafficking. The victims of organ trafficking are endangered to deprived health conditions and poor immune system due to surgeries and organ removal.
Conclusion
Implementation of legislative regulations against organ trafficking is vital. The laws must aim at increase in the supply of the organs to decrease in the reliance on black market. The law must hold doctors accountable for not keeping the records of organ trafficking.
Introduction
Organ trafficking is the trade of human organs, tissues, cells and other parts of the body for the aim of transplantation. The shortage of organs due to high demand and less supply has chiefly given rise to organ trafficking.
Organ Trafficking in India
India is a developing country and we are all aware that poverty and over population in India are major problems. They give rise to many criminal activities and one of this is organ trafficking. In some regions people are even deprived of basic health care facilities where as in other regions the medical science has advanced so much that even human organs are traded for personal benefits, any which ways poor and vulnerable groups of our society are exploited.
The high demand and low supply of organs in India and transplant tourism has given rise to organ trafficking. Only some percent of people can afford transplant and even if one can afford, finding the matching donor is difficult. As per law only some relatives from the family are allowed to donate the organ to the one in need which further decreases the number of potential donors. The gap between demand and supply thus gives rise to organ trafficking crimes.
India had legal organ trading market before Transplantation of Human Organs Act was passed in 1994. High demand and low cost gave rise to global business and India became one of the major kidney transplant centers in the world. There are so many incidents of such crimes that happen in India. While in some cases the victims donate their organs for money to pay off debts or to meet other financial needs, in other cases people are kidnapped and forced to give away their organs. It is a shocking truth that often small children are kidnapped for organ removal and are also killed sometimes.
Every year there are several cases in which the dead bodies are found with missing organs. The human organ transplantation cannot take place without the knowledge of the medical field and this clearly means that learned people like doctors are also involved in the organ trade. In many medical firms doctors remove kidneys of people without their knowledge or at very less payment and transplant it to high paying patients to fill their pockets. The perfect figures of organ trafficking are difficult to verify due to the lack of proof and reliable data, but around 42% of the organs transplanted are estimated to be illegal.
Conclusion
With implementation of laws for the prevention of organ trafficking, issues like poverty and lack of education also need serious attention to prevent such crimes.
Introduction
The trafficking of human organs, tissues and other parts of the body for the purpose of transplantation is known as organ trafficking. The global demand of healthy human organs for transplantation is rising and the supply is comparatively quite low. And when the supply doesn’t meet the demand people turn to criminal and illegal means.
Organ Trafficking – The Heartbreaking Truth Rising Globally
Organs like kidney, lungs, heart, pancreas are removed with the donors will or forcefully for the purpose of transplantation. All the organs are not valued equally as the organ price depends on how prone it is to failure and how easily it can be transplanted. The value of organ also depends on the demand and supply factor, for e.g. the supply of kidneys is high because people are convinced easily to sell their kidneys as one can survive with one kidney.
People off course meet their demand through black market (Red market, the term coined by Scott Carney to describe the commercial transactions of human body parts) and are ready to pay higher amount for the illegal transplants. The victims of the organ trafficking market are hardly paid 5% to 10% of the total that the sellers of the organs profit from the wealthier buyers from foreign countries like US and Japan. While in other cases human trafficking victims are forced to give away the organs and are not paid at all.
Organ trafficking is also about finding the right match, this doesn’t just means finding the donor with the same blood group, but finding the donors mostly of the same age and sizes as the recipient. This has up surged the crime of child trafficking. The innocent children become the victims of such a terrifying trade which is the ugliest fact.
Transplant Tourism
The term transplant tourism refers to the trade of a transplant organ abroad that also includes access to an organ while avoiding the rules and laws of any country involved. The term ‘transplant tourism’ refers to the commercialism that relates to the illegal trade of organs however all the medical tourism is not illegal. Transplant tourism is a major concern as it involves the transfer of organs in the same direction depleting the regions from where the organs are supplied.
The supply either occurs from south to north, from developing to developed countries and the likes. The demand for organs in the developed countries is rising much faster than the supply of organs available nationally. The organs are thus purchased from the trade markets of developing countries to meet the demand and the criminal groups in developing countries supply organs for higher profits. People also travel to other countries for organ transplantation or in some cases the victims have to travel abroad for organ transplant.
Conclusion
Organ trafficking is the global issue that needs to be prevented. The issue of organ trafficking is debated by a wide range of scholars. The debates have resulted in many solutions focusing on the demand of organs and organ trafficking issue. As a result, increased governmental regulations, sanctions against organ trafficking and firm implementation of laws have been put in place. However, we still have a long way to go.
Introduction
Organ trafficking is the illegal business of human organs, tissues and other body parts that are used for transplantation. Human bodies are deprived to mere commodities and traded off.
The Chief Causes Giving Rise to Organ Trafficking
The increasing demand of organs is due to the rise in several health hazards these days. The supply is low as people don’t volunteer to give away their organs when living or even after death. Thus, when the demand and supply are not met there is upsurge in crimes like organ trafficking.
Poverty is the chief cause for most of the criminal activities. When people are left with nothing to sell they sell their organs to pay off their debts or for the basic necessities even if they are paid less than the actual amount of the organ that the seller gets.
People are not aware of the long term health hazards of selling the organs. The most vulnerable victims also agree to part their organs for lesser money and are unaware of the government means and assistance to ensure that any deal taking place is carried out illegally. Even when they are forced to give away the organ they are helpless.
Wars can also lead to massive displacement of human and children. The war victims are the easy target for the organ traffickers. Large number of people and children are defenseless to trafficking under such circumstances.
The people in developing regions are the major target of the organ traffickers. Traffickers mainly focus on the most vulnerable people of our society as it is easy to persuade these people, underpay them or steal the organs from them.
It is not possible to transplant the organ without medical help and no transplantation can take place without the prior knowledge of Medical firms. The criminal activities are carried out in such firms without keeping track of the data which is why there are no claims of the illegal organ transplants taking place. The exploited victims face further health complications due to lack of proper medical care post surgeries.
The law still contains loopholes motivating the traffickers to carry on the illegal activities smoothly. The law is not implemented sufficiently to generate the data of the organ transplants taking place and charge all the people involved in the crime.
Human trafficking victims are exploited in several ways. As a result the traffickers with more and more greed are likely to sell the organs of the victims for their personal benefits. Sometimes the sole purpose of human trafficking is to sell the organs of the victims.
Effects of Organ Trafficking
There are several negative effects of organ trafficking in our society. The most vulnerable and poor people of the society are exploited. Criminal activities such as kidnapping of children and human trafficking for the purpose of organ trafficking is increasing. The victims are also murdered in some cases. There are major health risks to the recipient and the donor. The high demand for fresh body parts has also given rise to grave robbing. The medical firms getting involved in such crimes are a threat for people.
Conclusion
The root causes of the crime should be eliminated with the proper implementation of rules and regulations by law. Supply from the deceased donors should be the aim, the awareness should be spread and people should be motivated to register for donating the organs after death which would help to meet the supply. E.g. If one person is registered to donate the eyes after death it would give sight to the living blind.
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